When discussing investment tools that have transformed global investor perspectives over the past 30 years, Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) stand out. These index funds trade like individual stocks, allowing investors to own shares in hundreds of major companies simultaneously without the hassle of picking stocks one by one.
With fees significantly lower than actively managed funds, ETFs have attracted continuous capital inflows. Today, some ETFs have assets under management (AUM) exceeding one trillion U.S. dollars.
Thairath Money explores the world's five largest ETFs by AUM, examining what each invests in, their differences, and most importantly, how Thai investors can access these investment opportunities.
1. VOO or Vanguard S&P 500 ETF
VOO, managed by Vanguard, currently has an AUM of approximately 1.04 trillion U.S. dollars, making it the largest ETF globally.
It employs a passive investment strategy designed to closely track the S&P 500 index by purchasing nearly all the index's stocks in proportions mirroring the actual index. The portfolio covers nearly all major U.S. industries—from technology, finance, healthcare to energy—with around 505 companies currently included.
How can Thai investors purchase it?
2. IVV or iShares Core S&P 500 ETF
IVV, managed by BlackRock under the iShares brand, has an AUM of about 875 billion U.S. dollars, ranking second largest globally.
It invests in large U.S. companies according to their weights in the S&P 500, making it one of the oldest S&P 500 index funds launched in 2000, currently holding 504 stocks and following a passive strategy similar to VOO.
How can Thai investors purchase it?
3. SPY or SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust
SPY, managed by State Street Global Advisors (SSGA), has an AUM around 804 billion U.S. dollars, ranking third globally.
It is one of the first ETFs launched in 1993, structured as a Unit Investment Trust (UIT), investing according to the S&P 500 index by holding large U.S. companies in proportions close to the index, currently holding 504 stocks.
How can Thai investors purchase it?
4. VTI or Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF
VTI, also managed by Vanguard, has an AUM of about 685 billion U.S. dollars, ranking fourth globally. It invests across the entire U.S. stock market, based on the Morningstar US Total Market Index.
It includes large, mid, and small-cap companies, offering broader diversification with more than 3,515 stocks in its portfolio, the largest number among the top five ETFs.
How can Thai investors purchase it?
5. QQQ or Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1
QQQ, managed by Invesco, has an AUM of about 483 billion U.S. dollars, ranking fifth worldwide. It tracks the Nasdaq-100 index, which includes the 100 largest non-financial companies listed on Nasdaq, resulting in a portfolio heavily weighted toward technology stocks. Launched in 1999, it currently holds 103 stocks.
How can Thai investors purchase it?
Additionally, another ETF tracking the Nasdaq-100 is QQQM or Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF, launched later with lower management fees, making it popular among investors aiming for long-term Nasdaq-100 exposure. Thai investors can access it as follows:
Note: The ETF rankings are based on assets under management (AUM) as of 4 Sep 2026 from TradingView. Fund data is sourced from publicly available information and fund managers and may change over time. This information is provided for educational purposes and is not investment advice.
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