A new study has caused a stir in the scientific community by discovering that cows can purposefully use tools, challenging the previous belief that these animals have cognitive limitations.
The research, published in the journal Current Biology on 19 Jan 2024 GMT+7, reports the first officially documented case of a cow using tools. The subject, Veronica, a Swiss Brown cow living in a village in Carinthia, was raised like a family member by her owner, an organic farmer.
Scientists found that Veronica intentionally used a brush and a stick. She chose the stiff-bristled end of the brush to scratch her broad, tough back, and switched to the smooth handle when scratching her more delicate belly and lower areas. She also adjusted the force, speed, and direction of her movements accordingly.
Researchers noted that this behavior qualifies as flexible, multifunctional tool use, previously seen only in a few animals besides humans, such as chimpanzees. Although cows must use their mouths instead of hands to control tools, Veronica impressively compensated for this physical limitation.
The research team believes that Veronica’s unusual living conditions—her longer lifespan, regular interaction with humans, and access to diverse open spaces—were key factors that allowed her to develop exploratory and advanced learning behaviors.
Scientists also encourage farmers and other cattle owners who have observed similar behaviors to contribute additional information.
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