The "Royal Decree Dissolving Parliament" refers to the Royal Decree dissolving the House of Representatives. It is an important political tool in Thailand's parliamentary democracy, used to end the membership of all Members of Parliament (MPs) simultaneously and to hold a new general election. The new election is expected on Sunday, 8 February 2026.
1. Meaning and Powers of the Royal Decree Dissolving Parliament
Issue | Explanation |
Meaning | It is a law promulgated by the King following the advice of the Cabinet, with the Prime Minister submitting the decree for royal assent. |
Authority | The King holds the royal power to dissolve the House of Representatives but must exercise this power only on the Prime Minister's advice, who initiates the process. |
Powers/Effects | * It terminates the membership of all MPs before the normal four-year term ends (though the government remains caretaker). |
* It returns sovereign power to the people, allowing them to choose new MPs. | |
Purpose | * To resolve crises or political conflicts between the executive (government) and the legislature (parliament). |
* To appeal political disputes to the people for choosing new representatives. | |
* To provide the executive with a tool to balance power with the legislature. |
2. Within how many days must a new election be held?
Under the principles of the current Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand (2017), a new House of Representatives election must be held within not less than 45 days and not more than 60 days from the date of dissolution.
Time frame: 45-60 days from the date the Royal Decree dissolving parliament is published in the Government Gazette.
Responsible agency: The Election Commission (EC) must announce the general election date and candidate registration period within 5 days after the Royal Decree dissolving parliament.
3. Legal references
The dissolution of the House of Representatives and the conduct of a new election follow provisions in the current Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, which stipulate the royal power to dissolve parliament and set election dates.
Relevant articles: Generally referring to provisions in the parliamentary chapter (specifically the House of Representatives section) of the Constitution.